A petri dish is simply a circle; thus, we use the formula of the area of the circle which is πr^2.
Given r = 40 mm
A = π(40)^2 = 5026.55 sq. mm
Population density = bacteria count / area
PD = 2,100 / 5026.55
PD = 0.417782 bacteria / mm sq.
Therefore, the answer is approximately 0.418 bacteria per square millimeter.