3. The city council of a large city is considering a new law that prohibits talking on a cell phone while driving. A consumer rights organization wants to know if talking on a cell phone
while driving distracts a person’s attention, causing that person to make errors while driving. An experiment is designed that uses a driving simulator to compare the two treatments:
driving while talking on a cell phone and driving while not talking on a cell phone.
The number of errors made while driving on an obstacle course will be recorded for each driver. Each person in a random sample of 200 licensed drivers in the city was asked to
participate in the experiment. All of the drivers agreed to participate in the experiment. Half of the drivers were randomly assigned to drive an obstacle course while talking on a phone.
The remaining half were assigned to drive the obstacle course while not talking on a phone.