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Zane, a 26-year-old male, came upon a car accident and immediately started to help the victims, who were pinned in their car. There was blood all over the scene and Zane acted without having any personal protective equipment. While helping the victims, he cut his arms in several places on the sharp metal and shards of glass. A few weeks later, he developed flu-like symptoms that persisted for several days. He went to his clinic and tested negative for influenza. Because of his recent exposure, Zane’s doctor was suspicious of blood borne pathogens. Which of the following disorders are blood-borne diseases?a. HIV infection b. Hepatitis c. Cirrhosis d. Leukemia

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josinclair73

Answer:

According to the approach, in which Zane had several injuries and had contact with blood from the victims of the accident, it is likely that he has contracted a disease such as hepatitis (option b), a blood-borne disease like HIV infection.

Explanation:

Both hepatitis B and HIV infection are considered blood-borne disease, as transmission occurs through contact with a patient's blood.

In the case of Zane, you may have acquired hepatitis B if his wounds came into contact with contaminated blood, in addition to:

  1. Acute hepatitis B infection may begin a few weeks after infection.
  2. Initial symptoms of fever, general discomfort, and weakness are similar to a cold.

Zane can't have the other diseases because:

  • HIV infection, a blood-borne disease, takes a long time to give symptoms.
  • Cirrhosis is a chronic degenerative disease of the liver, a product of the constant and prolonged intake of alcohol, in addition to being a consequence of chronic liver infections.  Cirrhosis it's not transmitted by blood.
  • Leukemia is a leukocyte disorder that consists of unusual increase of these cells in the blood, and it's not contagious.

In conclusion, Hepatitis (type B) and HIV infection are blood-borne diseases, while cirrhosis and leukemia don't.

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