the practice of redrawing congressional districts a. is usually not political since it is handled by bipartisan commissions. b. tends to have a greater impact on senate rather than house elections. c. is sometimes characterized by gerrymandering, which can have a major effect on the outcome of elections. d. is constrained by supreme court decisions that make it unconstitutional to draw majority-minority districts.

In the United States, a redistricting commission is a body established to draw electoral district boundaries instead of the typical state legislative bodies. By appointing a nonpartisan or bipartisan body to make up the commission responsible for drawing district boundaries, gerrymandering, or at least the appearance of gerrymandering, is generally intended to be avoided. Currently, there are nonpartisan or bipartisan redistricting commissions in 21 U.S. states. 13 of these 21 states only use redistricting commissions to determine the boundaries of electoral districts. The boundaries of electoral districts are drawn using a unique redistricting process in Iowa, the fourteenth state, which does not involve either the state legislature or a separate redistricting commission. Arizona State Legislature v. Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission was a case heard by the U.S. Supreme Court in 2015.

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