All glycerophospholipids are also known as sphingolipids. Sphingolipids are a subclass of lipids with sphingoid bases as their backbone, a group of aliphatic amino alcohols that also includes sphingosine.
They include ceramide, sphingomyelin, glucosylceramide (GlcCer), lactosylceramide (LacCer), and ganglioside GM3. While gangliosides specifically contain one or more N-acetylneuraminic acids, simple glycosphingolipids like GlcCer and LacCer are frequently referred to as "cerebrosides" (sialic acids).
Complex sphingolipids have ceramide backbones as their fundamental building blocks, and position 1 frequently has a polar head group. The two main classes of sphingolipids—phosphosphingolipids (PSLs) and glycosphingolipids (GSLs)—are typically distinguished based on their head group, however these classifications are not mutually exclusive.
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