If mitochondria are treated with a proton gradient uncoupler like 2,4-dinitrophenol, the proton gradient that is necessary for the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation would be disrupted.
Without the proton gradient, oxidative phosphorylation would no longer be able to occur, and the mitochondria would be unable to produce ATP. This would lead to energy depletion in the cells, and eventually cell death. Furthermore, the disruption of the proton gradient would cause other cellular processes to be impacted, such as respiration, metabolism, and cell signalling. Therefore, treating mitochondria with a proton gradient uncoupler like 2,4-dinitrophenol can have devastating consequences for cells.
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